What this article covers: A reference for BrizoConsol's built-in Leverage & Risk KPIs — the formula behind each KPI and how to interpret the result. For a full list of all KPI categories, see Built-in KPIs Overview.

Leverage & Risk KPIs measure the balance between debt and equity financing and the business's ability to service its obligations.

🛈 How these KPIs are calculated: Leverage KPIs use closing balance sheet figures at the reporting date. Net Debt uses closing liability and bank balances. Interest Coverage uses period income and expense movements.

KPI Reference

Debt-to-Equity Ratio

Formula: Total Liabilities ÷ Total Equity

What it measures: Financial leverage — how much the business relies on debt relative to shareholders' equity. A ratio above 1× means debt exceeds equity.

Debt Ratio

Formula: Total Liabilities ÷ Total Assets

What it measures: The proportion of assets financed by debt. Below 50% is generally conservative; above 70% indicates heavy reliance on borrowed funds.

Equity Ratio

Formula: Total Equity ÷ Total Assets (closing balance)

What it measures: The proportion of assets financed by shareholders' equity. A higher equity ratio indicates lower financial risk. Uses closing balance sheet figures.

Interest Coverage Ratio

Formula: EBIT ÷ Interest Expense

What it measures: The ability to service interest obligations from operating earnings. A higher ratio indicates a larger safety margin.

Ratio
Signal
> 3×
Comfortable — strong earnings buffer
1.5× – 3×
Adequate — monitor for deterioration
< 1.5×
At risk — earnings may not reliably cover interest
Net Debt

Formula: (Current Liabilities + Non-Current Liabilities) − Bank

What it measures: Total borrowings less cash on hand. Reflects the true debt burden after accounting for available liquidity. A negative Net Debt means the business holds more cash than it owes. Uses closing balance sheet figures.

Net Debt to EBITDA

Formula: Net Debt ÷ EBITDA

What it measures: How many years of EBITDA it would take to pay off net debt. A widely used leverage benchmark in credit analysis and debt covenants.

Ratio
Signal
< 2×
Low leverage — strong debt-service capacity
2× – 4×
Moderate — typical for leveraged businesses
> 4×
High — may constrain refinancing or growth
Gearing Ratio

Formula: Total Debt ÷ (Total Debt + Total Equity)

What it measures: The proportion of the capital base funded by debt. A ratio above 50% means the business is more debt-funded than equity-funded.

Where to Use These KPIs

FeatureSuggested use
Add Debt-to-Equity and Interest Coverage Ratio to the Key Metrics page to monitor capital structure health.
Include Interest Coverage Ratio and Equity Ratio in a governance or lender health score.
Add Net Debt and Net Debt to EBITDA as custom report rows in board packs.
Use Gearing Ratio and Debt Ratio in reports prepared for lenders or investors.
Related Articles
Built-in KPIs OverviewFinancial Performance KPIsLiquidity & Cash KPIsEfficiency KPIsViewing Pulse MetricsCustomising Pulse KPIs & Health ScoreBuilt-in Reports in BrizoConsol